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LESSON 36 PARTS OF SENTENCE-PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
A preposition is a
word that begins a prepositional phrase and shows the relationship
between its object and another word in the sentence. A preposition
must always have an object. A prepositional phrase starts with a
preposition, ends with an object, and may have modifiers
between the preposition and object of the preposition.
Here is a list of common words
that can be used as prepositions: about, above, across, after, against,
along, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, besides,
between, beyond, but (when it means except), by, concerning, down, during,
except, for, from, in, inside, into, like, near, of, off, on, out, outside,
over, past, since, through, to, toward, under, until, up, upon, with, within,
and without.
These words can be used as
other parts of speech. What part of speech it is depends on how it is used in
that sentence. Many of the common words used as prepositions can be used as
adverbs. They are prepositions if they have an object to complete them. To
decide which it is, say the preposition followed by whom or
what. If a noun or a pronoun answers the question, the word is a
preposition.
Example: The boy stood up
and ran down the street. Up what? There is no object;
therefore up is not a preposition. Down what? Street
answers the question; therefore, down is a preposition. Down the
street is the prepositional phrase starting with the preposition down
and ending with the object street with a modifier the in
between.
A prepositional phrase may be
used as an adjective telling which or what kind and
modifying a noun or pronoun. An adjective prepositional phrase will
come right after the noun or pronoun that it modifies. If there are two
adjective prepositional phrases together, one will follow the other. Only
adjective prepositional phrases modify the object of the preposition in
another prepositional phrase.
Pick out the adjective
prepositional phrases in these sentences and tell what they modify.
1. Do you remember the title of
the new book about morals?
2. Our work on the planning
commission covers all kinds of ideas and concepts.
3. Those immense houses on the
west side of town were built recently.
4. The man in the next room is
the mayor.
5. Few of the citizens had ever
seen that plan.
Answers
1. of the new book
modifies "title"/ about morals modifies "book"
2. on the planning
commission modifies "work"/ of ideas and concepts
modifies "kinds"
3. on the west side
modifies "houses"/ of town modifies "side"
4. in the next room
modifies "man"
5. of the citizens
modifies "few"
Parts of the
Sentence - Prepositional Phrases
A preposition is a
word that begins a prepositional phrase and shows the relationship
between its object and another word in the sentence. A preposition
must always have an object. A prepositional phrase starts with a
preposition, ends with an object, and may have modifiers
between the preposition and object of the preposition.
Here is a list of common words
that can be used as prepositions: about, above, across, after, against,
along, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, besides,
between, beyond, but (when it means except), by, concerning, down, during,
except, for, from, in, inside, into, like, near, of, off, on, out, outside,
over, past, since, through, to, toward, under, until, up, upon, with, within,
and without.
These words can be used as
other parts of speech. What part of speech it is depends on how it is used in
that sentence. Many of the common words used as prepositions can be used as
adverbs. They are prepositions if they have an object to complete them. To
decide which it is, say the preposition followed by whom or
what. If a noun or a pronoun answers the question, the word is a
preposition.
Example: The boy stood up
and ran down the street. Up what? There is no object;
therefore up is not a preposition. Down what? Street
answers the question; therefore, down is a preposition. Down the
street is the prepositional phrase starting with the preposition down
and ending with the object street with a modifier the in
between.
A prepositional phrase may be
used as an adjective telling which or what kind and
modifying a noun or pronoun. An adjective prepositional phrase will
come right after the noun or pronoun that it modifies. If there are two
adjective prepositional phrases together, one will follow the other. Only
adjective prepositional phrases modify the object of the preposition in
another prepositional phrase.
Pick out the adjective
prepositional phrases in these sentences and tell what they modify.
1. The book on the table in the
English classroom is Barbara's book.
2. The girl in the neighboring
house plays the flute every night.
3. Large blocks of the hardest
granite formed the walls of the new building.
4. The roads of ancient Rome
connected the cities of the empire.
5. I know that man in the gray
suit and the suede shoes.
Answers
1. on the table
modifies "book"/ in the English classroom modifies "table"
2. in the neighboring
house modifies "girl"
3. of the hardest
granite modifies "blocks"/ of the new building
modifies "walls"
4. of ancient Rome
modifies "roads"/ of the empire modifies "cities"
5. in the gray suit and
the suede shoes modifies "man"
Parts of the Sentence - Prepositional Phrases
A preposition is a
word that begins a prepositional phrase and shows the relationship
between its object and another word in the sentence. A preposition
must always have an object. A prepositional phrase starts with a
preposition, ends with an object, and may have modifiers
between the preposition and object of the preposition.
Here is a list of common words
that can be used as prepositions: about, above, across, after, against,
along, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, besides,
between, beyond, but (when it means except), by, concerning, down, during,
except, for, from, in, inside, into, like, near, of, off, on, out, outside,
over, past, since, through, to, toward, under, until, up, upon, with, within,
and without.
These words can be used as
other parts of speech. What part of speech it is depends on how it is used in
that sentence. Many of the common words used as prepositions can be used as
adverbs. They are prepositions if they have an object to complete them. To
decide which it is, say the preposition followed by whom or
what. If a noun or a pronoun answers the question, the word is a
preposition.
Example: The boy stood up
and ran down the street. Up what? There is no object;
therefore up is not a preposition. Down what? Street
answers the question; therefore, down is a preposition. Down the
street is the prepositional phrase starting with the preposition down
and ending with the object street with a modifier the in
between.
A prepositional phrase may be
used as an adverb telling how, when, where, how much, and why
and modifying the verb and sometimes an adjective. Adverb prepositional
phrases can come anywhere in the sentence and can be moved within the
sentence without changing the meaning. Only adjective prepositional phrases
modify the object of the preposition in another prepositional phrase.
Pick out the adverb
prepositional phrases in these sentences and tell what they modify.
1. The boys jumped quickly over
the wall.
2. The old dog is troublesome
in many ways.
3. The pirate map was hidden
underneath a big rock.
4. The family was waiting for
us at the rest stop.
5. In the morning I will come
for the plans.
Answers
1. over the wall
modifies the verb "jumped"
2. in many ways
modifies the predicate adjective "troublesome"
3. underneath a big
rock modifies the verb "was hidden"
4. for us/
at the rest stop modify the verb "was waiting"
5. in the morning/
for the plans modify the verb "will come"
Parts of the Sentence - Prepositional Phrases
A preposition is a
word that begins a prepositional phrase and shows the relationship
between its object and another word in the sentence. A preposition
must always have an object. A prepositional phrase starts with a
preposition, ends with an object, and may have modifiers
between the preposition and object of the preposition.
Here is a list of common words
that can be used as prepositions: about, above, across, after, against,
along, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, besides,
between, beyond, but (when it means except), by, concerning, down, during,
except, for, from, in, inside, into, like, near, of, off, on, out, outside,
over, past, since, through, to, toward, under, until, up, upon, with, within,
and without.
These words can be used as
other parts of speech. What part of speech it is depends on how it is used in
that sentence. Many of the common words used as prepositions can be used as
adverbs. They are prepositions if they have an object to complete them. To
decide which it is, say the preposition followed by whom or
what. If a noun or a pronoun answers the question, the word is a
preposition.
Example: The boy stood up
and ran down the street. Up what? There is no object;
therefore up is not a preposition. Down what? Street
answers the question; therefore, down is a preposition. Down the
street is the prepositional phrase starting with the preposition down
and ending with the object street with a modifier the in
between.
A prepositional phrase may be
used as an adverb telling how, when, where, how much, and why
and modifying the verb and sometimes an adjective. Adverb prepositional
phrases can come anywhere in the sentence and can be moved within the
sentence without changing the meaning. Only adjective prepositional phrases
modify the object of the preposition in another prepositional phrase.
Pick out the adverb
prepositional phrases in these sentences and tell what they modify.
1. We are proud of the Jazz
team and of their record.
2. The dark shadows stretched
across the road and the park.
3. On the hill stands an old
castle.
4. The employee came for his
money.
5. Bill walked down the trail
during the rain storm.
Answers
1. of the Jazz team
/ of their record modify the predicate adjective "proud"
2. across the road and
the park modifies the verb "stretched"
3. on the hill
modifies the verb "stands"
4. for his money
modifies the verb "came"
5. down the trail
/ during the rain storm modify the verb "walked"
Parts of the Sentence - Prepositional Phrases
A preposition is a
word that begins a prepositional phrase and shows the relationship
between its object and another word in the sentence. A preposition
must always have an object. A prepositional phrase starts with a
preposition, ends with an object, and may have modifiers
between the preposition and object of the preposition.
Here is a list of common words
that can be used as prepositions: about, above, across, after, against,
along, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, besides,
between, beyond, but (when it means except), by, concerning, down, during,
except, for, from, in, inside, into, like, near, of, off, on, out, outside,
over, past, since, through, to, toward, under, until, up, upon, with, within,
and without.
These words can be used as
other parts of speech. What part of speech it is depends on how it is used in
that sentence. Many of the common words used as prepositions can be used as
adverbs. They are prepositions if they have an object to complete them. To
decide which it is, say the preposition followed by whom or
what. If a noun or a pronoun answers the question, the word is a
preposition.
Example: The boy stood up
and ran down the street. Up what? There is no object;
therefore up is not a preposition. Down what? Street
answers the question; therefore, down is a preposition. Down the
street is the prepositional phrase starting with the preposition down
and ending with the object street with a modifier the in
between.
A prepositional phrase may be
used as an adjective telling which or what kind and
modifying a noun or pronoun. An adjective prepositional phrase will
come right after the noun or pronoun that it modifies. If there are two
adjective phrases together, one will follow the other. A prepositional phrase
may be used as an adverb telling how, when, where, how much, and
why and modifying the verb and sometimes an adjective. Adverb
prepositional phrases can come anywhere in the sentence and can be moved
within the sentence without changing the meaning. Only adjective prepositional
phrases modify the object of the preposition in another prepositional phrase.
Pick out the prepositional
phrases in these sentences and tell what they modify.
1. A number of javalinas
appeared at the edge of the forest.
2. In the cage we saw a huge
jaguar from the jungles of Brazil.
3. Everyone in the class
finished the test at the same time.
4. The children were awakened
by a sudden clap of loud thunder.
5. You can go to the Jazz game
with us.
Answers
1. of javalinas
modifies the subject "number"/ at the edge modifies the verb
"appeared"/ of the forest modifies the object of the
preposition "edge"
2. in on cage
modifies the verb "saw"/ from the jungles modifies the direct
object "jaguar"/ of Brazil modifies the object of the
preposition "jungles"
3. in the class
modifies the subject "everyone"/ at the same time modifies
the verb "finished"
4. by a sudden clap
modifies the verb "were awakened"/ of loud thunder modifies
the object of the preposition "clap"
5. to the Jazz game/
with us modify the verb "can go"
Quiz - Parts of the Sentence - Prepositional
Phrases
A prepositional phrase may be
used as an adjective telling which or what kind and
modifying a noun or pronoun. An adjective prepositional phrase will
come right after the noun or pronoun that it modifies. If there are two
adjective phrases together, one will follow the other. A prepositional phrase
may be used as an adverb telling how, when, where, how much, and
why and modifying the verb and sometimes an adjective. Adverb
prepositional phrases can come anywhere in the sentence and can be moved
within the sentence without changing the meaning. Only adjective prepositional
phrases modify the object of the preposition in another prepositional phrase.
Pick out the prepositional
phrases in these sentences and tell what they modify.
1. A tree with sharp thorns
grew beside the wall.
2. The airplane soared above
the people on the field.
3. My uncle, the owner of the
ranch, rode his horse past the house.
4. We followed the cougar by
its tracks in the snow.
5. The bear tumbled over the
fence and into some bushes.
6. Tons of wreckage were left
after the tornado.
7. The highway wound over a
hill and through a beautiful valley.
Answers
1. with sharp thorns
modifies "tree"/ beside the wall modifies "grew"
2. above the people
modifies "soared"/ on the field modifies "people"
3. of the ranch
modifies "owner"/ past the house modifies "rode"
4. by its tracks
modifies "followed"/ in the snow modifies either "tracks"(telling
which tracks) or "followed" (telling where we followed it)
5. over the fence
/ into some bushes modify "tumbled"
6. of wreckage
modifies "tons"/ after the tornado modifies "were left"
7. over a hill
/ through a beautiful valley modify "wound"
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